← Voltar a Passive voice
5. Exceções e casos avançados
Caso 1 — Get passivo (informal)
"Get" pode substituir "be" na passiva informal, especialmente para eventos inesperados ou negativos:
- "She got fired last week." (= was fired)
- "He got arrested for speeding." (= was arrested)
- "The vase got broken during the move." (= was broken)
- ⚠️ Evitar em inglês formal escrito e em provas acadêmicas.
Caso 2 — Verbos de percepção: bare infinitive → to-infinitive na passiva
- "They saw him leave." (ativo — bare infinitive)
- "He was seen to leave." (passivo — to-infinitive aparece)
- "They heard her sing." → "She was heard to sing."
Caso 3 — Present/Past Perfect Continuous passivo não existe
- ❌ "The project has been being built for months." — praticamente inexistente
- ✅ Use o Perfect Simple: "The project has been built."
- ✅ Ou reformule na ativa: "They have been building the project for months."
Caso 4 — Verbos com dois objetos
Verbos como give, send, tell, offer, show, teach podem ter dois objetos. Os dois podem virar sujeito:
- Ativo: "They gave him a promotion."
- Passiva 1: "He was given a promotion." (objeto indireto → sujeito — mais comum)
- Passiva 2: "A promotion was given to him." (objeto direto → sujeito)